Theophylline-associated status epilepticus in an infant: pharmacokinetics and the risk of suppository use.

BACKGROUND Theophylline has been widely used to treat asthma, but recent studies have revealed that the possible risks for seizure may result in the revision of the therapeutic guidelines. METHODS An 8-month-old boy who had been treated with oral sustained-release theophylline and additional aminophylline suppository was hospitalized. A combination of diazepam, lidocaine and thiopental was required to stop his convulsion. RESULTS The pharmacokinetic study indicated that the usage of a sustained-release formula should not usually be over 15 mg/ml, but the additional use of an aminophylline suppository elevated the concentration to over 20 mg/ml and resulted in the severe adverse effects. CONCLUSION The parents of children and also physicians should be educated to ensure the proper use of the suppository formula.